Law is a body of rules enforcing the rights and obligations of individuals and groups in society. It has been described as both an art and a science and is the basis for government and the rule of law. State-enforced laws are made by group or individual legislators, or by the executive through decrees or by judges in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals may also create legally binding contracts and arbitration agreements.
Constitutions are a form of government
Constitutions are the legal documents that govern a country. These documents define the limits of government power, and they also regulate the exercise of that power. The concept of constitutionalism involves the distribution of power and the need for mutual controls and cooperation. While this form of government has been around for a long time, it was only recently associated with mass participation in politics.
Criminal law
Criminal law focuses on the punishment of crime. Criminal cases are initiated by the government and prosecuted by local, state, and federal prosecutors in collaboration with law enforcement agencies. The prosecution’s burden of proof is to prove that the defendant violated both elements of a crime in order to secure a conviction.
Civil law
Civil law is a system of law that originated in mainland Europe, but was later adopted around the world. Initially, it was intellectualized within Roman law, which served as its primary source. Today, civil law serves as the main source of law worldwide.
Administrative law
Administrative law is a body of law that governs agencies in the executive branch of government. It involves rule making, adjudication, and enforcement of laws. As such, it is considered a branch of public law.
Tax law
Tax law is an area of law that deals with public money. Tax laws are rules that public agencies use to collect and assess taxes. Understanding these laws is essential to understanding the way your government spends your money.
Property law
Property law governs the ownership of real and personal property. It is a broad field that encompasses both real and personal resources, including intellectual property.